Twelve Olympians
1.Jupiter (Greek Name: Zeus)
King of the gods and ruler of Mount Olympus;
god of the sky, lightning, thunder, law, order, justice. Youngest child
of the Titans Cronus and Rhea. Symbols include the thunderbolt, eagle,
oak tree, scepter, and scales. Brother and husband of Hera, although he
had many lovers, also brother of Poseidon, Hades, Demeter, and Hestia.
2.Juno(Greek Name: Hera)
Queen of the gods and the goddess of marriage and family. Symbols
include the peacock, cuckoo, and cow. Youngest daughter of Cronus and
Rhea. Wife and sister of Zeus. Being the goddess of marriage, she
frequently tried to get revenge on Zeus' lovers and their children.
3.Ceres(Greek Name: Demeter)
Goddess of fertility, agriculture, nature, and the seasons. Symbols
include the poppy, wheat, torch, cornucopia, and pig. Middle daughter of
Cronus and Rhea.
4.Neptune(Greek Name: Posidon)
God of the seas, earthquakes, and tidal wave. Symbols include the horse,
bull, dolphin, and trident. Middle son of Cronus and Rhea. Brother of
Zeus and Hades. Married to the Nereid Amphitrite, although, like most male Greek Gods, he had many lovers.
5.Apollo(Greek Name: Apollo)
God of light, prophecy, inspiration, poetry, music and arts, medicine
and healing. Son of Zeus and Leto. Symbols include the sun, lyre, swan,
and mouse. Twin brother of Artemis.
6.Minerva(Greek Name: Athena)
Goddess of wisdom, reason, intelligent activity, literature, handicrafts
and science, defense and strategic warfare. Symbols include the owl and
the olive tree. Daughter of Zeus and the Oceanid Metis, she rose from her father's head fully grown and in full battle armor after he swallowed her mother.
7.Diana(Greek Name: Artimis)
Goddess of the hunt, virginity, archery, the moon, and all animals.
Symbols include the moon, deer, hound, she-bear, snake, cypress tree,
and bow and arrow. Daughter of Zeus and Leto and twin sister of Apollo.
8.Mars(Greek Name: Ares)
God of war, violence, and bloodshed. Symbols include the boar, serpent,
dog, vulture, spear, and shield. Son of Zeus and Hera, all the other
gods (except Aphrodite) despised him. His Latin name, Mars, gave us the
word "martial."
9.Venus(Greek Name: Aphodite)
Goddess of love, beauty, and desire. Symbols include the dove, bird, apple, bee, swan, myrtle, and rose. Daughter of Zeus and the Oceanid Dione, or perhaps born from the sea foam after Uranus' semen dripped into the sea after being castrated by his youngest son, Cronus,
who then threw his father's genitals into the sea. Married to
Hephaestus, although she had many adulterous affairs, most notably with
Ares. Her name gave us the word "aphrodisiac", while her Latin name, Venus, gave us the word "venereal".
10.Vulcan(Greek Name: Hephaestus)
Master blacksmith and craftsman of the gods; god of fire and the forge.
Symbols include fire, anvil, axe, donkey, hammer, tongs, and quail. Son
of Hera, either by Zeus or alone. Married to Aphrodite, though unlike
most divine husbands, he was rarely ever licentious. His Latin name,
Vulcan, gave us the word "volcano."
11.Mercury(Greek Name: Hermes)
Messenger of the gods; god of commerce, thieves, eloquence and streets. Symbols include the caduceus
(staff entwined with two snakes), winged sandals and cap, stork, and
tortoise (whose shell he used to invent the lyre). Son of Zeus and the
nymph Maia. The second-youngest Olympian, just older than Dionysus.
12.Vesta(Greek Name: Hestia)
Goddess of the hearth and of the right ordering of domesticity and the
family; she was born into the first Olympian generation and was one of
the original twelve Olympians. Some lists of the Twelve Olympians omit
her in favor of Dionysus, but the speculation that she gave her throne
to him in order to keep the peace seems to be modern invention. She is
the first child of Cronus and Rhea, eldest sister of Hades, Demeter,
Poseidon, Hera, and Zeus.
13.Bacchus(Greek Name: Dionysus)
God of wine, celebrations, and ecstasy. Patron god of the art of theatre.
Symbols include the grapevine, ivy, cup, tiger, panther, leopard,
dolphin, goat, and pinecone. Son of Zeus and the mortal Theban princess Semele. Married to the Cretan princess Ariadne. The youngest Olympian god, as well as the only one to have a mortal mother.
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